Scientists have found H2O(water) and OH(hydroxil) molecules in moon.You must have think how they found it,Yes here is the answer.
The space probe of India- Chandrayan-1 was fitted with an equipment- 'Moon Minerology Mapper' .An another equipment, 'moon impact probe'(ISRO's) found that one cubic metre of soil in moon contains almost one litre of water.
How water was founded in moon?
This was using an equipment named spectrometer.To explain this first we need to know what is a spectrum.Before that we should know what is dispersion.
Dispersion:It is the phenomenon of splitting of a beam of light into radiations of different frequencies after passing through a prism.
Spectrum: The pattern of radiations obtained after dispersion of beam is called spectrum.
Working of spectrometer:It has a prism to split beam of light falling on it. When normal sunlight falls on it we get certain radiations like that of rainbow.Actually rainbow is formed when water droplets act as a prism.These lights like violet,indigo,blue,green,yellow,orange and red are radiations having corresponding wavelength. When Sunlight hits moon surface certain radiations are absorbed by the water molecules present int and is reflected back.So when these reflected sunlight falls on the spectrometer the absorbed part of the radiation(with corresponding wavelength) appears as dark lined.These darklines appear due to absorption of radiations of corresponding wavelength by the water present in the surface of moon.Since such a spectrum with dark lines was absorbed in moon by the spectrometer of Chandrayan-1 they concluded that there is water on moon.
